Clean and reliable energy underpins inclusive economic growth and drives better outcomes in education, health, and essential social services. However, providing affordable energy—both on-grid and off-grid—has become increasingly complex amid intensifying competitive pressures, diverse implementation challenges, and emerging sector risks.
Africa faces a clear paradox. Despite having some of the world’s most abundant renewable resources—hydropower, solar, wind, and geothermal—the continent still struggles with low access, unreliable supply, and limited productive use of energy.
At the same time, falling costs of clean energy technologies, such as solar systems and battery storage, are creating new opportunities to expand access for households and for commercial and industrial users alike.
